July 1
The end of today (actually 1 a.m. July 2) marks the halfway point of 2016.
There are 183 days remaining in 2016.
1766 –
François-Jean de la Barre, a young French nobleman, is tortured and beheaded before his body is burnt on a pyre along with a copy of
Voltaire's
Dictionnaire philosophique nailed to his torso for the crime of not saluting a Roman Catholic religious procession in Abbeville, France.
1770 –
Lexell's Comet passes closer to the Earth than any other comet in recorded history, approaching to a distance of 0.0146
a.u. (astronomical unit).
1819 –
Johann Georg Tralles discovers the
Great Comet of 1819, (C/1819 N1). It was the first comet analyzed using
polarimetry, by
François Arago.
1863 – American Civil War:
The Battle of Gettysburg begins.
1867 – The
British North America Act of 1867 takes effect as the
Constitution of Canada, creating the Canadian Confederation and the federal dominion of Canada;
Sir John A. Macdonald is sworn in as the first Prime Minister of Canada. This date is commemorated annually in Canada as
Canada Day, a national holiday.
1874 – The
Sholes and Glidden typewriter, the first commercially successful typewriter, goes on sale.
1879 –
Charles Taze Russell publishes the first edition of the religious magazine
The Watchtower.
1881 – The world's first international telephone call is made between
St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada, and
Calais, Maine, United States. A distance of app. 2.6 miles.
1898 – Spanish–American War: The
Battle of San Juan Hill is fought in Santiago de Cuba.
1903 – Start of
first Tour de France bicycle race.
1908 –
SOS is adopted as the international distress signal.
1915 –
Leutnant Kurt Wintgens of the then-named German
Fliegertruppe air service achieves the first known aerial victory with a
synchronized machine-gun-armed fighter plane, the
Fokker M.5K/MG Eindecker.
1916 – World War I:
First day on the Somme: On the first day of the
Battle of the Somme 19,000 soldiers of the British Army are killed and 40,000 wounded.
The first attack of the
Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916 occurs.
1931 –
United Airlines begins service (as Boeing Air Transport).
1932 – Australia's national broadcaster, the
Australian Broadcasting Corporation, was formed.
1933 –
Wiley Post becomes the first person to fly solo around the world traveling 15,596 miles (25,099 km) in seven days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
1942 – World War II:
First Battle of El Alamein.
1943 –
Tokyo City merges with
Tokyo Prefecture and is dissolved. Since this date, no city in Japan has the name "Tokyo" (present-day Tokyo is not officially a city).
1956 -
Elvis Presley appeared on NBC- TV's
'The Steve Allen Show' and performed 'Hound Dog', to a live Hound Dog. US TV critic John Crosby panned Elvis' performance, calling him an 'unspeakable, untalented and vulgar young entertainer.'
1959 – Specific values for the international yard, avoirdupois pound and derived units (e.g. inch, mile and ounce)
are adopted after an agreement between the U.S.A., the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries.
1963 –
ZIP codes are introduced for United States mail.
1968 – The United States Central Intelligence Agency's
Phoenix Program is officially established.
The Band released their debut album
Music From Big Pink. The album, which features their first hit single
The Weight, was recorded in studios in New York and Los Angeles.
1972 – The first
Gay pride march in England takes place.
1979 – Sony introduces the
Walkman (no, not
Walking Man, he's strictly ours

).
1980 –
"O Canada" officially becomes the national anthem of Canada.
1981 – The
Wonderland murders occur in the early morning hours in Los Angeles, allegedly masterminded by businessman and drug dealer
Eddie Nash.
Rushton Moreve bassist with
Steppenwolf, was killed in motorcycle accident in Santa Barbara, California, aged 32. He co-wrote their hit '
Magic Carpet Ride' with lead singer
John Kay.
1983 - A New Jersey-based quintet calling themselves
Bon Jovi signed to Phonogram's
Mercury records, although they had also been considering the name Johnny Electric. The group have since sold over 130 million records worldwide, and performed more than 2,600 concerts in over 50 countries for more than 34 million fans.
1984 – The
PG-13 rating is introduced by the
MPAA.
1987 – The American radio station
WFAN in New York City is launched as the world's first all-sports radio station.
1991 – The
Warsaw Pact is officially dissolved at a meeting in Prague.
1995 - DJ
Wolfman Jack dies of a heart attack.
2004 -
Glen Campbell began serving 10 nights in jail along with two years of probation for a November 2003 drunk-driving, hit-and-run collision. The 68 year old entertainer was also sentenced to 75 hours of community service and fined $900.
2005 - American R&B and soul singer-songwriter, record producer
Luther Vandross died at the age of 54 at the JFK Medical Centre in New Jersey, two years
after suffering a major stroke.
2007 – The
Concert for Diana is held at the new Wembley Stadium in London and broadcast in 140 countries.
Smoking in England is
banned in all public indoor spaces.
2008 -
Whitesnake guitarist
Mel Galley, died at the age of 60 from cancer of the oesophagus.
2013 – Neptune's moon
S/2004 N 1 is discovered.
Continued in next post