July 9
869 – A magnitude
8.6 Ms earthquake and subsequent tsunami strikes the area around Sendai in the northern part of Honshu, Japan.
1755 – The
Braddock Expedition is
soundly defeated by a smaller French and native American force in its attempt to capture
Fort Duquesne in what is now downtown Pittsburgh.
1776 – George Washington orders the Declaration of Independence to be read out to members of the Continental Army in Manhattan, while thousands of British troops on Staten Island prepare for the
Battle of Long Island.
1810 – Napoleon annexes the
Kingdom of Holland as part of the
First French Empire.
1850 – U.S. President Zachary Taylor
dies after eating raw fruit and iced milk, to be succeeded by Millard Fillmore.
1864 –
Franz Muller commits the first known murder on a British train.
1868 – The
14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States
due process of law.
1877 – The
inaugural Wimbledon Championships begins.
1903 – Future Soviet leader
Joseph Stalin is exiled to Siberia for three years.
1918 – In Nashville, Tennessee, an
inbound local train collides with an outbound express, killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history.
1943 – The
Allied invasion of Sicily soon causes the
downfall of Mussolini and forces Hitler to break off the
Battle of Kursk.
1958 – A
7.8 Mw strike-slip earthquake in Alaska causes a landslide that produces a
megatsunami. The runup from the waves reached 525 m (1,722 ft) on the rim of Lituya Bay. Due to the remote location, only five people were killed.
Johnny Cash signed with
Columbia Records, where he would remain for the next 30 years releasing over 60 albums.
1962 -
Bob Dylan recorded '
Blowin' In the Wind' at
Columbia Recording Studios in New York City during an afternoon session.
1971,
David Bowie started recording sessions at
Trident Studios in London, for what would become the concept album
The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders From Mars. The character of Ziggy was initially inspired by British rock 'n' roll singer
Vince Taylor, whom Bowie met after Taylor had had a breakdown and believed himself to be a cross between a god and an alien.
1972 – The Troubles: In Belfast, British Army snipers shoot five civilians dead in the
Springhill Massacre.
Paul McCartney and Wings played their very first show in the small French town of Chateauvillon. The band included
Denny Laine,
Denny Seiwell,
Henry McCullough and Paul's wife,
Linda. It was McCartney's first time on the road since The Beatles quit touring in 1966. The band travelled on a double decker London bus with a psychedelic interior.
1977 -
Elvis Costello quit his day job at
Elizabeth Arden Cosmetics to become a full time musician.
1981 –
Donkey Kong, a video game created by Nintendo, is released. The game marks the debut of Nintendo's future mascot,
Mario.
1995 -
The Grateful Dead gave their last concert with leader
Jerry Garcia at Chicago's Soldier Field. Jerry would die of a heart attack a month later while in drug rehab.
Births
1819 – Elias Howe (invented the sewing machine); 1907 – Eddie Dean; 1927 – Ed Ames; 1928 – Vince Edwards ("Ben Casey"); 1929 – Jesse McReynolds (Jim & Jesse); 1932 – Donald Rumsfeld; 1934 – Michael Graves; 1938 – Brian Dennehy; 1942 – Richard Roundtree (he's a bad mothershutyomouth); 1945 – Dean Koontz; 1946 – Bon Scott

; 1947 – Mitch Mitchell, O. J. Simpson; 1951 – Chris Cooper; 1952 – John Tesh; 1954 – Kevin O'Leary ("Shark Tank")1955 – Lindsey Graham, Jimmy Smits; 1956 – Tom Hanks; 1957 – Marc Almond, Tim Kring, Kelly McGillis, Paul Merton; 1964 – Courtney Love; 1965 – Frank Bello (Anthrax, Helmet); 1966 – Pamela Adlon ("Californication"); 1975 – Jack White; 1976 – Fred Savage
Deaths
1228 – Stephen Langton; 1850 – Zachary Taylor; 1932 – King Camp Gillette (the razor guy); 1974 – Earl Warren; 1985 – Jimmy Kinnon (founded Narcotics Anonymous); 1992 – Eric Sevareid; 1996 – Melvin Belli; 2002 – Rod Steiger; 2004 – Isabel Sanford; 2005 – Kevin Hagen (Dr. on "Little House on the Prairie"); 2006 – Milan Williams (Commodores); 2011 – Würzel (Motorhead); 2013 – Toshi Seeger (wife to Pete Seeger); 2014 – Eileen Ford (Ford Modeling Agency), John Spinks (The Outfield); 2015 – Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud