October 13
54 – Emperor
Claudius dies from poisoning under mysterious circumstances; his 17-year-old stepson
Nero succeeds him.
1307 – Hundreds of
Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of
Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into a "confession" of
heresy.
1332 –
Rinchinbal Khan, Emperor Ningzong of Yuan, becomes the
Khagan of the
Mongols and Emperor of the
Yuan dynasty, reigning for only 53 days.
1773 – The
Whirlpool Galaxy is discovered by
Charles Messier.
1775 – The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the
Continental Navy (later renamed the
United States Navy).
1843 – In New York City,
Henry Jones and 11 others found
B'nai B'rith (the oldest Jewish service organization in the world).
1845 – A majority of voters in the
Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution that, if accepted by the U.S. Congress, will make Texas a U.S. state.
1881 –
First known conversation in modern Hebrew by
Eliezer Ben-Yehuda and friends.
1884 – The
International Meridian Conference votes on a resolution to establish the meridian passing through the
Observatory of Greenwich, in London, England, as the initial meridian for longitude.
1892 –
Edward Emerson Barnard discovers
D/1892 T1, the first comet discovered by photographic means, on the night of October 13–14.
1914 – In this year's
World Series, the Boston Braves defeat the Philadelphia Athletics, at Fenway Park in Boston, completing the first World Series sweep in history.
1917 – The "
Miracle of the Sun" is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 people in the Cova da Iria in Fátima, Portugal.
1923 –
Ankara replaces
Istanbul as the capital of Turkey.
1958 –
Paddington Bear, a character from English children's literature, makes his debut.
1962 – The Pacific Northwest experiences a
cyclone the equal of a Cat 3 hurricane. Winds measured above 150 mph at several locations; 46 people died.
1972 –
Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 crashes in the Andes mountains, near the border between Argentina and Chile. By December 23, 1972, only 16 out of 45 people lived long enough to be rescued.
1983 –
Ameritech Mobile Communications (now AT&T) launched the first US cellular network in Chicago.
2000 - UK newspaper
The Mirror reported that
Toni Braxton had pulled out of this years US
Mobo awards after one of her breast implants had exploded. A spokesman for her Arista record label said "We don't comment on our artists' personal lives."
2004 - The US Internal Revenue Service charged 63-year-old
Ronald Isley, lead singer of the
Isley Brothers, with tax evasion for failing to report income from royalties and performances by the band between 1997 and 2002. He was later found guilty and sentenced to three years in prison.
2016 –
Bob Dylan wins the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Births
1872 – Leon Leonwood Bean (founded L.L.Bean); 1909 – Herblock (cartoonist/illustrator, coined the term "McCarthyism"); 1909 – Art Tatum

; 1912 – Cornel Wilde; 1917 –
George Osmond (Osmond Family patriarch); 1921 – Yves Montand♪ ♫; 1925 – Lenny Bruce; 1925 – Margaret Thatcher;
1926 - Tommy Whittle♪ ♫; 1926 – Killer Kowalski; 1930 – Bruce Geller; 1941 – Paul Simon

(Simon & Garfunkel); 1942 – Jerry Jones;
1947 – Sammy Hagar
(Montrose, Van Halen, Chickenfoot); 1948 – John Ford Coley♪ ♫; 1948 – Lacy J. Dalton♪ ♫; 1950 – Simon Nicol

(Fairport Convention); 1957 – Chris Carter (creator
X-Files); 1959 –
Marie Osmond♪ ♫; 1960 – Joey Belladonna♪ ♫(Anthrax); 1960 – Ari Fleischer; 1962 – Kelly Preston; 1962 – Jerry Rice; 1963 – Chip Foose; 1964 – Christopher Judge ('Teal'c' on
Stargate SG-1); 1967 – Kate Walsh (
Grey's Anatomy, Private Practice); 1968 – Tisha Campbell-Martin; 1969 – Nancy Kerrigan; 1971 – Sacha Baron Cohen; 1971 – Billy Bush; 1980 – Ashanti♪ ♫; 1982 – Ian Thorpe
Deaths
54 – Claudius; 1938 – E. C. Segar (created
Popeye);
1945 – Milton S. Hershey; 1966 – Clifton Webb; 1974 – Ed Sullivan (had a really big shoe); 1996 – Beryl Reid; 2001 – Peter Doyle♪ ♫; 2002 – Stephen Ambrose; 2009 - Al Martino♪ ♫('Johnny Fontane' in
The Godfather); 2012 – Gary Collins;
2013 – Tommy Whittle♪ ♫