October 23
Today chemists, chemistry students, and enthusiasts celebrate
Mole Day. What the I don't even.
There are 62 until Christmas, and 69 days left in 2016.
Events
42 BC Liberators' civil war:
Second Battle of Philippi
Mark Antony and
Octavian decisively defeat
Brutus's army. Brutus commits suicide.
1642
Battle of Edgehill: First major battle of the
First English Civil War.
1707 The first
Parliament of Great Britain meets.
1739
War of Jenkins' Ear starts: British Prime Minister
Robert Walpole, reluctantly declares war on Spain.
1861 U.S. President Abraham Lincoln suspends the writ of
habeas corpus in Washington, D.C., for all military-related cases.
1864 American Civil War:
Battle of Westport: Union forces under General
Samuel R. Curtis defeat Confederate troops led by General
Sterling Price (<--the real one, not Rooster Cogburn's cat in
True Grit) at Westport, Missouri, near Kansas City.
1867 Seventy-two Senators are summoned by Royal Proclamation to serve as the first members of the
Canadian Senate.
1911 First use of aircraft in war:
Italo-Turkish War: An Italian pilot takes off from Libya to observe Turkish army lines.
1915
Women's suffrage: In New York City, 25,00033,000 women march on Fifth Avenue to advocate their
right to vote.
1917
Lenin calls for the
October Revolution.
1929
Great Depression: After a steady decline in stock market prices since a peak in September, the New York Stock Exchange begins to show signs of panic.
1935
Dutch Schultz, Abe Landau,
Otto Berman, and
Bernard "Lulu" Rosencrantz are fatally shot at a saloon in Newark, New Jersey in what will become known as The Chophouse Massacre.
1939 The Japanese Mitsubishi
G4M twin-engine "Betty" Bomber makes its maiden flight.
1944 World War II:
Battle of Leyte Gulf: The largest naval battle in history begins in the Philippines.
1958 The
Springhill Mine bump: An underground earthquake traps 174 miners 13,000 - 14,000 feet in, and ~4,000 feet deep, in the No. 2 colliery at Springhill, Nova Scotia, the deepest coal mine in North America at the time. By November 1, rescuers from around the world had dug out 100 of the victims, marking the death toll at 74.
1958
The Smurfs, a fictional race of blue dwarves, later popularized in a
Hanna-Barbera animated cartoon series, appear for the first time in the story
La flute ΰ six schtroumpfs, a
Johan and Peewit adventure by Peyo, which is serialized in the weekly
Spirou magazine.
1966 - The
Jimi Hendrix Experience recorded their first single '
Hey Joe', at
De Lane Lea studios in London.
1970
Gary Gabelich sets a land speed record (622.407 mph) in a rocket-powered automobile called the
Blue Flame, fueled with natural gas.
1973
The Watergate scandal: US President Richard M. Nixon agrees to turn over subpoenaed audio tapes of his Oval Office conversations.
1976 -
Led Zeppelin made their US television debut on
Don Kirshner's Rock Concert, they performed
Black Dog and
Dazed And Confused.
1980 -
Mark David Chapman quit his security job and signed out for the last time. Instead of the usual "Chappy" he wrote "John Lennon".
1983 Lebanese Civil War: The
U.S. Marines barracks in Beirut is hit by a truck bomb, killing 241 U.S. military personnel. A French army barracks in Lebanon is also hit that same morning, killing 58 troops.
1993
The Troubles: A
Provisional IRA bomb prematurely detonates in the Shankill area of Belfast, killing the bomber and nine civilians.
1995 -
Def Leppard gave themselves a place in the
Guinness book Of World Records, by playing three gigs in three continents in 24 hours. Tangier, London and Vancouver.
1995 Yolanda Saldνvar is found guilty of first-degree murder in the
shooting death of popular Latin singer Selena. Three days later, Saldνvar was sentenced to life in prison, eligible for parole in 2025.
1998
IsraeliPalestinian conflict: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Chairman Yasser Arafat reach a
"land for peace" agreement.
1998
Swatch Internet Time, a measure of 1000 "beats" per day was inaugurated by the
Swatch Group.
2002
Moscow theater hostage crisis: Chechen terrorists seize the House of Culture theater in Moscow and take approximately 700 theater-goers hostage.
2015 The lowest sea-level pressure in the Western Hemisphere (25.75 inHg), and the highest reliably-measured non-tornadic sustained winds (~215 mph), are recorded in
Hurricane Patricia, which strikes Mexico hours later, killing at least 13 and causing over $280 million in damages.
Births
64 BC Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa; 1835 Adlai Stevenson I (23rd VPOTUS); 1869 John Heisman (Heisman Trophy); 1920 Ted Fujita (Fujita Scale measuring tornado intensity F-1 through F-5); 1925 Johnny Carson; 1935 Chi-Chi Rodrνguez

; 1936 Philip Kaufman (director
The Right Stuff); 1940 Pelι; 1942 Michael Crichton; 1949 Wόrzel

(Motφrhead); 1954 Ang Lee; 1956 Dwight Yoakam♪ ♫; 1959 Nancy Grace (American bitch); 1959 Sam Raimi; 1959 "Weird Al" Yankovic♪ ♫; 1960
Randy Pausch; 1960 Wayne Rainey (motorcycle racer); 1962 Doug Flutie; 1964 Robert Trujillo

(Metallica); 1970 Grant Imahara (robotics guy from Mythbusters); 1976 Cat Deeley; 1976 Ryan Reynolds (
Deadpool); 1986 Jessica Stroup (
The Following); 1986 Emilia Clarke (
Game of Thrones)
Deaths
42 BC Marcus Junius Brutus the Younger; 1921 John Boyd Dunlop (founded Dunlop Rubber); 1939 Zane Grey

; 1950 Al Jolson; 1957 Christian Dior; 1978
'Mother' Maybelle Carter♪ ♫(country/bluegrass royalty); 1983 Jessica Savitch; 1984 Oskar Werner; 1994 Robert Lansing; 2005 William Hootkins