October 30
Today is
International Orthopedic Nurses Day.
To
night is
Mischief Night, it is also
Beggars' Night, as well as
Devil's Night.
There are
55 days until Christmas.
Events
637 –
Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under the
Rashidun Caliphate after the
Battle of the Iron Bridge.
1270 – The
Eighth Crusade and siege of Tunis end by an agreement between
Charles I of Sicily (brother to King Louis IX of France, who had died months earlier) and the sultan of Tunis.
1485 – King
Henry VII of England is crowned.
1501 –
Ballet of Chestnuts: A banquet held by
Cesare Borgia in the Papal Palace where fifty prostitutes or courtesans are in attendance for the entertainment of the guests.
1806 – Believing he is facing a much larger force, Prussian Lieutenant General
Friedrich von Romberg, commanding 5,300 men and 281 guns, surrendered the city of Stettin to 800 French soldiers with 2 guns, commanded by General
Antoine Lassalle. Romberg was sentenced to life in prison for the surrender.
1831 – In Southampton County, Virginia, escaped slave
Nat Turner is captured and arrested for
leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.
1864 –
Helena, capitol city of Montana, is founded after
four prospectors discover gold at "Last Chance Gulch".
1905 –
Czar Nicholas II of Russia issues the
October Manifesto, granting the Russian peoples basic civil liberties and the right to form a
duma.
1918 – The
Ottoman Empire signs an armistice with the Allies, ending the First World War in the Middle East.
1925 –
John Logie Baird creates Britain's first
television transmitter.
1942 –
Lt. Tony Fasson,
Able Seaman Colin Grazier and
canteen assistant Tommy Brown from
HMS Petard board
U-559, retrieving material which would lead to the decryption of
the German Enigma code.
1944 –
Anne and
Margot Frank are deported from Auschwitz to the
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where they die from disease the following year, shortly before the end of WWII.
1945 –
Jackie Robinson of the Kansas City Monarchs signs a contract with the Brooklyn Dodgers to break the baseball color line.
1950 –
Pope Pius XII witnesses the
"Miracle of the Sun" while at the Vatican.
1953 – Cold War: U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally approves the top secret document
National Security Council Paper No. 162/2, which states that the United States' arsenal of nuclear weapons must be maintained and expanded to counter the communist threat.
1960 –
Michael Woodruff performs the first successful kidney transplant in the United Kingdom at the
Edinburgh Royal Infirmary.
1961 – Nuclear testing: The Soviet Union detonates the hydrogen bomb
Tsar Bomba over Novaya Zemlya; at 50 megatons of yield, it remains the largest explosive device ever detonated, nuclear or otherwise.
1965 – English model
Jean Shrimpton causes a global sensation by wearing
a daring white minidress to
Derby Day at Flemington Racecourse in Melbourne, Australia.
1965 – Vietnam War: Near Da Nang, US Marines repel an intense attack by Viet Cong forces, killing 56 guerrillas.
1970 -
Jim Morrison of
The Doors was fined and sentenced to six months in jail after being found guilty of
exposing himself during a gig in Miami.
1973 –
The Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over
the Bosphorus for the second time.
1974 –
The Rumble in the Jungle boxing match between
Muhammad Ali and
George Foreman takes place in Kinshasa, Zaire. Ali wins by KO in the eighth round, regaining the title of World Heavyweight Champion and giving Foreman his first professional defeat.
1985 –
Space Shuttle Challenger lifts off for mission
STS-61-A, its final successful mission.
1987 – In Japan,
NEC releases the first 16-bit (fourth generation) video game console, the
PC Engine, which is later sold in other markets under the name
TurboGrafx-16.
1993 – The Troubles: The
Ulster Defence Association, an Ulster loyalist paramilitary,
carry out a mass shooting at a Halloween party in Greysteel, Northern Ireland. Eight civilians are murdered and thirteen wounded.
1995 – Quebec citizens narrowly
vote (50.58% to 49.42%) in favour of remaining a province of Canada in their second referendum on national sovereignty.
1998 - All four original members of
Black Sabbath reunited momentarily to play '
Paranoid' on US TV's
David Letterman Show.
2002 -
Jam Master Jay from
Run-DMC was murdered by an assassin's single bullet at his recording studio in Queens, New York.
2004 - An arrest warrant was issued for
Motley Crue singer
Vince Neil after he allegedly knocked a soundman unconscious during a concert. Neil was said to have punched Michael Talbert in the face at
Gilley's nightclub in Dallas after he asked the soundman for more volume on his guitar but attacked Talbert as he adjusted it, leaving him unconscious for 45 seconds.
2005 – The rebuilt
Dresden Frauenkirche (destroyed in the
firebombing of Dresden during World War II) is reconsecrated after a thirteen-year rebuilding project.
Continued in next post