December 16
There are
15 days remaining in 2016.
There are
8 days until Christmas.
Events
1431 –
Hundred Years' War:
Henry VI of England is crowned King of France at Notre Dame in Paris.
1497 –
Vasco da Gama passes the
Great Fish River, where
Bartolomeu Dias had previously turned back to Portugal.
1653 –
English Interregnum:
The Protectorate:
Oliver Cromwell becomes
Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.
1773 –
Boston Tea Party: Members of the
Sons of Liberty disguised as
Mohawk Indians dump hundreds of crates of tea into Boston harbor as a protest against the
Tea Act.
1811 – The
first two in a series of four severe earthquakes occur in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri. [<--Very interesting read. The Mississippi river flowed backwards, sand geysers erupted, Tennessee's Reelfoot Lake was formed, soil liquifaction...It was a helluva thing, a helluva thing.]
1850 – The
Charlotte Jane and the
Randolph bring the first of the
Canterbury Pilgrims to Lyttelton, New Zealand.
1880 – Outbreak of the
First Boer War between the Boer
South African Republic and the
British Empire.
1907 – The American
Great White Fleet begins its circumnavigation of the world.
1920 – The
Haiyuan earthquake, magnitude 8.5, rocks the
Gansu province in China, killing an estimated 200,000 people.
1930 – Bank robber
Herman Lamm and members of his crew are killed by a 200-strong posse, following a botched bank robbery, in
Clinton, Indiana.
1937 –
Theodore Cole and Ralph Roe attempt to escape from the American federal prison on
Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay; neither is ever seen again.
1944 – The
Battle of the Bulge begins with the surprise offensive of three German armies through the
Ardennes forest.
1947 –
William Shockley,
John Bardeen and
Walter Brattain build the first practical
point-contact transistor.
1950 – Korean War: U.S. President
Harry S Truman declares a state of emergency, after Chinese troops enter the fight in support of communist North Korea.
1960 – A United Airlines
Douglas DC-8 and a TWA
Lockheed Super Constellation collide over Staten Island, New York and crash, killing all 128 people aboard both aircraft and six more on the ground.
1965 – Vietnam War: General
William Westmoreland sends U.S. Secretary of Defense
Robert McNamara a request for 243,000 more men by the end of 1966.
1978 –
Cleveland, Ohio becomes the first major American city to
default on its financial obligations since the Great Depression.
1979 – Libya joins four other
OPEC nations in raising crude oil prices, which has an immediate, dramatic effect on the United States.
1985 –
Big Paul Castellano and
Thomas Bilotti are shot dead on the orders of
John Gotti, who assumes leadership of New York's
Gambino crime family.
Births
1485 – Catherine of Aragon; 1770 – Ludwig van Beethoven

; 1775 – Jane Austen; 1899 – Noël Coward; 1917 – Arthur C. Clarke (
2001: A Space Odyssey); 1928 – Terry Carter (
McCloud, Battlestar Galactica); 1928 – Philip K. Dick; 1936 – Morris Dees (co-founded the Southern Poverty Law Center); 1937 – Joyce Bulifant (The Mary Tyler Moore Show); 1938 – Liv Ullmann; 1941 – Lesley Stahl; 1943 – Steven Bochco; 1945 –
Patti Deutsch (Match Game panelist); 1945 – Tony Hicks♪ ♫(The Hollies); 1946 – Benny Andersson♪ ♫(ABBA); 1947 – Ben Cross (Chariots of Fire); 1949 – Billy Gibbons

(ZZ Top); 1951 – Robben Ford

; 1955 –
Xander Berkeley (
24, The Mentalist, Nikita); 1961 – Shane Black (screenwriter
Lethal Weapon, co-wrote & directed
Iron Man 3, director
Kiss Kiss Bang Bang); 1961 – Bill Hicks

; 1961 – Jon Tenney (
The Closer, Major Crimes); 1962 –
William 'Refrigerator' Perry:devil:; 1963 – Benjamin Bratt; 1963 – James Mangold (director
Walk The Line, Girl Interrupted, 3:10 To Yuma (2007)); 1971 – Michael McCary♪ ♫(Boyz II Men); 1988 – Anna Popplewell (
The Chronicles of Narnia film series)
Deaths
1263 – Haakon IV of Norway; 1859 – Wilhelm Grimm (the younger of The Bros Grimm); 1965 – W. Somerset Maugham; 1980 – Colonel Harland Sanders (Kentucky Fried Chicken); 1982 – Colin Chapman (founded Lotus Cars); 1985 – Thomas Bilotti (mobster); 1985 – Paul Castellano (mob boss); 1989 – Lee Van Cleef; 1993 – Moses Gunn; 2003 – Gary Stewart♪ ♫; 2007 – Dan Fogelberg♪ ♫; 2013 – Ray Price♪ ♫