January 30
516 BCE – The
Second Temple of Jerusalem finishes construction.
1649 – King
Charles I of England is beheaded.
1661 –
Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, is
ritually executed more than two years after his death, on the 12th anniversary of the execution of the monarch he himself deposed. See 1649, immediately above.
1703 – The
Forty-seven Ronin, under the command of
Ōishi Kuranosuke, avenge the death of their master.
1806 – The original
Lower Trenton Bridge (also called the Trenton Makes the World Takes Bridge), which spans the Delaware River between Morrisville, Pennsylvania and Trenton, New Jersey, is opened.
1820 –
Edward Bransfield sights the
Trinity Peninsula and claims the discovery of
Antarctica.
1835 – In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States,
Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president
Andrew Jackson, but fails and is subdued by a crowd, including several congressmen as well as Jackson himself.
1847 –
Yerba Buena, California is renamed
San Francisco, California.
1862 – The first American
ironclad warship, the
USS Monitor is launched.
1933 –
Adolf Hitler is sworn in as Chancellor of Germany.
1945 – World War II: The
Wilhelm Gustloff, overfilled with German refugees, sinks in the Baltic Sea after being torpedoed by a Soviet submarine, killing approximately
9,500 people.
1948 –
Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated by
Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist.
1959 –
MS Hans Hedtoft, said to be the safest ship afloat and "unsinkable" like the RMS
Titanic, strikes an iceberg on her maiden voyage and sinks, killing all 95 aboard.
1968 – Vietnam War:
Tet Offensive launch by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army against South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies.
1969 –
The Beatles' last public performance, on the roof of
Apple Records in London. The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.
1973 - After recently changing their name from
Wicked Lester,
Gene Simmons,
Paul Stanley,
Ace Frehley and
Peter Criss made their first appearance as
KISS at the Popcorn Club in Queens, New York.
1975 – The
Monitor National Marine Sanctuary is established as the first
United States National Marine Sanctuary. See 1862, above.
1979 – A Varig
Boeing 707-323C freighter, flown by the same commander as
Flight 820,
disappears over the Pacific Ocean 30 minutes after taking off from Tokyo.
1982 - American blues guitarist/singer
Lightnin' Hopkins died of cancer aged 70.
1982 –
Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which is 400 lines long and disguised as an Apple boot program called "
Elk Cloner". [A
PC virus disguised as an
APPLE boot program?

]
1988 - During a court case involving
Holly Johnson and
ZTT Records it was revealed that
Frankie Goes To Hollywood had not played on their hits '
Relax' and '
Two Tribes'. The court was told that top session musicians were used to make the records.
1995 – Workers from the National Institutes of Health announce the success of clinical trials testing the first preventive treatment for
sickle-cell disease.
2003 – The
Kingdom of Belgium officially recognizes same-sex marriages.
2016 -
David Bowie left an estate valued at about $100m (£70m), according to his will which was filed in New York. Half would go to his widow,
Iman, along with the home they shared in New York. The rest was shared between his son and daughter. Bowie's personal assistant, Corinne Schwab, was left $2m and another $1m went to a former nanny, Marion Skene.
Births
1882 – Franklin D. Roosevelt (32nd POTUS); 1914 – John Ireland; 1915 – John Profumo (the
Profumo affair); 1922 – Dick Martin; 1925 – Douglas Engelbart (invented the computer mouse); 1925 – Dorothy Malone (
Written On The Wind, Peyton Place); 1930 – Gene Hackman; 1935 – Elsa Martinelli

; 1937 – Jeanne Pruett♪ ♫; 1937 – Vanessa Redgrave; 1937 – Boris Spassky; 1941 – Dick Cheney (46th VPOTUS); 1942 – Marty Balin♪ ♫(Jefferson Airplane, Jefferson Starship); 1947 – Steve Marriott

(Humble Pie, Small Faces); 1951 – Phil Collins

(Genesis); 1951 – Charles S. Dutton (
Roc, Alien 3, Threshold); 1957 –
Payne Stewart; 1959 – Jody Watley♪ ♫; 1974 – Christian Bale; 1980 – Wilmer Valderrama
Deaths
1836 – Betsy Ross; 1838 – Osceola; 1889 – Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria; 1934 – Frank Nelson Doubleday (founded Doubleday Publishing Company); 1948 – Mahatma Gandhi; 1948 – Orville Wright; 1951 –
Ferdinand Porsche; 1958 – Ernst Heinkel (founded Heinkel Aircraft Company); 1980 – Professor Longhair♪ ♫;
1982 - Lightnin' Hopkins; 2006 – Coretta Scott King; 2007 – Sidney Sheldon; 2014 – The Mighty Hannibal♪ ♫