March 18
37 – The Roman Senate annuls
Tiberius's will and proclaims
Caligula emperor.
1834 –
Six farm labourers from Tolpuddle, Dorset, England are sentenced to be transported to Australia for forming a trade union.
1850 –
American Express is founded by
Henry Wells and
William Fargo.
1865 – American Civil War: The
Congress of the Confederate States adjourns for the last time.
1874 – Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trade rights.
1892 – Former Governor General
Lord Stanley pledges to donate a silver challenge cup, later named after him, as an award for the best hockey team in Canada the
Stanley Cup.
1915 – World War I: During the
Battle of Gallipoli, three battleships are sunk during a failed British and French
naval attack on the Dardanelles.
1922 – In India,
Mohandas Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for civil disobedience, of which he serves only two.
1925 – The
Tri-State Tornado hits the Midwestern states of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana, killing 695 people.
1937 – The
New London School explosion in New London, Texas, kills 300 people, mostly children.
1938 – Mexico creates
Pemex by
expropriating all foreign-owned oil reserves and facilities.
1942 – The
War Relocation Authority is established in the United States to take Japanese Americans into custody.
1944 – The eruption of
Mount Vesuvius in Italy kills 26 people and causes thousands to flee their homes.
1965 – Cosmonaut
Alexey Leonov, leaving his spacecraft
Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to
walk in space.
1967 – The supertanker
Torrey Canyon runs aground off the Cornish coast.
1968 –
Gold standard: The U.S. Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back US currency.
1990 – In the largest art theft in US history, 12 paintings, collectively worth around $300 million, are stolen from the
Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston.
1997 – The tail of a Russian
Antonov An-24 charter plane
breaks off while en route to Turkey causing the plane to crash and killing all 50 people on board.
Births
1496 – Mary Tudor, Queen of France, 1782 – John C. Calhoun, 1837 – Grover Cleveland (22nd & 24th POTUS), 1858 – Rudolf Diesel, 1869 – Neville Chamberlain, 1877 – Edgar Cayce, 1909 – Ernest Gallo, 1911 – Smiley Burnette♪ ♫, 1915 – Richard Condon, 1923 – Andy Granatelli, 1926 – Peter Graves (
Mission: Impossible, Airplane! movie series,
The Ballad of Josie), 1927 – George Plimpton, 1932 – John Updike, 1936 – F. W. de Klerk, 1937 – Mark Donohue

, 1938 – Charley Pride♪ ♫, 1941 – Wilson Pickett♪ ♫, 1943 – Kevin Dobson, 1947 – B. J. Wilson

(Procol Harum), 1950 – Brad Dourif, 1951 – Ben Cohen (co-founded Ben and Jerry's Ice Cream), 1959 – Luc Besson, 1962 – Irene Cara♪ ♫, 1962 – Thomas Ian Griffith, 1963 – Jeff LaBar

(Cinderella), 1963 – Vanessa L. Williams, 1964 – Bonnie Blair, 1966 – Jerry Cantrell

(Alice In Chains), 1970 – Queen Latifah, 1972 – Dane Cook (
attempted American comedian), 1979 – Adam Levine♪ ♫(Maroon 5, judge on
The Voice), 1992 – Ryan Truex
Deaths
1845 – Johnny Appleseed, 1947 – William C. Durant (co-founded General Motors and Chevrolet), 2001 – John Phillips♪ ♫(The Mamas & The Papas), 2003 – Adam Osborne (founded the Osborne Computer Corporation), 2009 – Natasha Richardson, 2011 – Warren Christopher