This Day in History

[Gravdigr]

Addendum for September 6:

Deaths

2007 - Luciano Pavarotti

[Gravdigr]

September 7

Today is National Beer Lovers Day! So, !!!

Today is Momdigr's birthday!

70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.

1776 – According to American colonial reports, Ezra Lee makes the world's first submarine attack in the Turtle, attempting to attach a time bomb to the hull of HMS Eagle in New York Harbor (no British records of this attack exist).

1857 – Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon (Mormons!)settlers slaughter most members of peaceful, emigrant wagon train.

1876 – In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are driven off by armed citizens.

1896 – The first successful heart surgery was conducted on this day by Ludwig Rehn.

1906 – Alberto Santos-Dumont flies his 14-bis aircraft at Bagatelle, France for the first time successfully.

1907 – Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.

1909 – Eugène Lefebvre crashes a new French-built Wright biplane during a test flight at Juvisy, south of Paris, becoming the first aviator in the world to lose his life in a powered heavier-than-air craft.

1921 – In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America Pageant, a two-day event, is held.

1923 – The International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) is formed.

1927 – The first fully electronic television system is achieved by Philo Farnsworth.

1936 – The last thylacine (aka Tasmanian Tiger), a carnivorous marsupial named Benjamin, dies alone in its cage at the Hobart Zoo in Tasmania.

1940 – World War II: The German Luftwaffe begins the Blitz, bombing London and other British cities for over 50 consecutive nights.

1963 – The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members.

1970 – Bill 'Willie' Shoemaker sets record for most lifetime wins as a jockey (passing Johnny Longden).

1978 – While walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is assassinated by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from a specially-designed umbrella.

1979 – The Chrysler Corporation asks the United States government for US$1.5 billion to avoid bankruptcy.

1986 – Desmond Tutu becomes the first black man to lead the Anglican Church in South Africa.

2004 – Hurricane Ivan, a Category 5 hurricane hits Grenada, killing 39 and damaging 90% of its buildings.

2008 – The US Government takes control of the two largest mortgage financing companies in the US, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

Births

1795 – John William Polidori; 1860 – Grandma Moses; ; 1867 – J. P. Morgan Jr.$; 1875 – Edward Francis Hutton ("When E.F. Hutton talks, people listen."); 1908 – Paul Brown, Michael E. DeBakey; 1908 – Max Kaminsky♪ ♫; 1909 – Elia Kazan; 1912 – David Packard (Hewlett-Packard); 1913 – Anthony Quayle; 1914 – James Van Allen (Van Allen Belts); 1923 – Peter Lawford; 1924 – Daniel Inouye; 1925 – Laura Ashley; 1926 – Ronnie Gilbert♪ ♫(The Weavers), Don Messick (voice actor Hanna-Barbera); 1934 – Little Milton♪ ♫; 1936 – Buddy Holly; 1949 – Gloria Gaynor♪ ♫; 1950 – Julie Kavner (Rhoda, voice of 'Marge Simpson'), Momdigr; 1951 – Chrissie Hynde♪ ♫(The Pretenders); 1953 - Benmont Tench(Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers); 1954 – Corbin Bernsen (L.A. Law), Michael Emerson (Person Of Interest, Lost); 1956 – Diane Warren♪ ♫; 1961 – LeRoi Moore♪ ♫(Dave Matthews Band); 1970 – Tom Everett Scott; 1971 – Sugar Shane Mosley; 1973 – Shannon Elizabeth

Deaths

1566 – Suleiman the Magnificent; 1893 – Hamilton Fish; 1973 – Holling C. Holling; 1978 – Keith Moon(The Who); 1991 – Ben Piazza; 1994 – Dennis Morgan; 2002 – Katrin Cartlidge; 2003 – Warren Zevon♪ ♫; 2008 – Don Haskins; 2010 – Glenn Shadix

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Originally Posted by Gravdigr

assassinated by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from a specially-designed umbrella.

It was Putin.

[Gravdigr]

Was it really?

[glatt]

I don't think so, but you would believe it, wouldn't you?

[Gravdigr]

I would.

[Gravdigr]

September 8

Today is International Literacy Day, among many other 'days'.

1504 – Michelangelo's David is unveiled in Piazza della Signoria in Florence.

1565 – St. Augustine, Florida was founded by Spanish admiral and Florida's first governor, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés.

1727 – A barn fire during a puppet show in the village of Burwell in Cambridgeshire, England kills 78 people, many of whom are children.

1810 – The Tonquin sets sail from New York Harbor with 33 employees of John Jacob Astor's newly created Pacific Fur Company on board. After a six-month journey around the tip of South America, the ship arrives at the mouth of the Columbia River and Astor's men establish the fur-trading town of Astoria, Oregon.

1862 – Millennium of Russia monument unveiled in Novgorod.

1883 – The Northern Pacific Railway (reporting mark NP) was completed in a ceremony at Gold Creek, Montana. Former president Ulysses S. Grant drove in the final "golden spike" in an event attended by rail and political luminaries.

1888 – In Spain, the first travel of Isaac Peral's submarine, was the first practical submarine ever made.

1892 – The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited.

1900 – A powerful hurricane hits Galveston, Texas killing about 8,000 people.

1914 – World War I: Private Thomas Highgate becomes the first British soldier to be executed for desertion during the war.

1921 – Margaret Gorman, a 16-year-old, wins the Atlantic City Pageant's Golden Mermaid trophy; pageant officials later dubbed her the first Miss America.

1923 – Nine US Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast. Seven are lost, and twenty-three sailors killed.

1930 – 3M begins marketing Scotch transparent tape.

1935 – US Senator from Louisiana Huey Long is fatally shot in the Louisiana State Capitol building.

1941 – German forces begin a siege against the Soviet Union's second-largest city, Leningrad.

1944 – World War II: London is hit by a V-2 rocket for the first time.

1945 – Cold War: United States troops arrive to partition the southern part of Korea in response to Soviet troops occupying the northern part of the peninsula a month earlier.

1962 – Last run of the famous Pines Express over the Somerset and Dorset Railway line (UK) fittingly using the last steam locomotive built by British Railways, 9F locomotive 92220 Evening Star.

1966 – The landmark American science fiction television series Star Trek premieres with its first-aired episode, "The Man Trap".

1971 – In Washington, D.C., the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is inaugurated, with the opening feature being the premiere of Leonard Bernstein's Mass.

1975 – Gays in teh military: US Air Force Tech Sergeant Leonard Matlovich, a decorated veteran of the Vietnam War, appears in his Air Force uniform on the cover of Time magazine with the headline "I Am A Homosexual". He is given a general discharge, which was later upgraded to honorable.

1988 – Yellowstone National Park is closed for the first time in U.S. history due to ongoing fires.

1994 – USAir Flight 427, on approach to Pittsburgh International Airport, suddenly crashes in clear weather killing all 132 aboard; resulting in the most extensive aviation investigation in world history and altering manufacturing practices in the industry.

2002 - Iron Maiden singer Bruce Dickinson started his new job as an airline pilot. The heavy metal singer qualified as a £35,000 - a year first officer with Gatwick based airline Astraeus who took holidaymakers to Portugal and Egypt.

2011 - Jury selection began for the involuntary manslaughter trial of Michael Jackson's doctor, Conrad Murray. Prospective jurors were asked to fill out a 30-page questionnaire to determining their level of knowledge of the case and any strong views about Jackson or Murray.

2012 – Former US President Jimmy Carter surpasses Herbert Hoover for longest retirement after leaving office. Hoover was retired for 11,553 days, and had held the record for over 54 years.

Births

1841 – Antonín Dvořák, Charles J. Guiteau (assassin of POTUS James A. Garfield); 1897 – Jimmie Rodgers♪ ♫; 1915 – Frank Cady (played storekeeper 'Sam Drucker' in three different tv series, Petticoat Junction, Green Acres, and The Beverly Hillbillies); 1922 – Sid Caesar; 1924 – Wendell H. Ford; 1925 – Peter Sellers; 1932 – Patsy Cline♪ ♫; 1938 – Adrian Cronauer (inspiration for Good Morning, Vietnam), Sam Nunn; 1941 – Bernie Sanders; 1945 – Ron "Pigpen" McKernan(The Grateful Dead); 1946 – L. C. Greenwood(NFL); 1956 – Mick Brown(Dokken, Ted Nugent, Lynch Mob); 1960 – Aimee Mann♪ ♫, David Steele♪ ♫(Fine Young Cannibals); 1970 – Neko Case♪ ♫; 1971 – David Arquette; 1975 – Larenz Tate; 1979 – Pink♪ ♫

Deaths

1949 – Richard Strauss♪ ♫; 1965 – Dorothy Dandridge; 1970 – Percy Spencer (invented the microwave oven); 1977 – Zero Mostel; 1980 – Willard Libby (radiocarbon dating); 2003 – Leni Riefenstahl; 2004 – Frank Thomas (animator, one of Disney's Nine Old Men); 2006 – Peter Brock; 2014 – S. Truett Cathy (founded Chick-fil-A)

[Gravdigr]

September 9

1543 – Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.

1850 – The Compromise of 1850 transfers a third of Texas's claimed territory (now parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Wyoming) to federal control in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.

1926 – In the United States the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is formed.

1940 – George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.

1942 – World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops incendiary bombs on Oregon.

1947 – First case of a computer bug being found: A moth lodges in a relay of a Harvard Mark II computer at Harvard University.

1965 – Hurricane Betsy makes its second landfall near New Orleans, leaving 76 dead and $1.42 billion ($10–12 billion in 2005 dollars) in damages, becoming the first hurricane to cause over $1 billion in unadjusted damage.

US newspaper The Hollywood Reporter ran the following advertisement; 'Madness folk & roll musicians, singers wanted for acting roles in new TV show. Parts for 4 insane boys. The Monkees were born. 437 people applied for the job.

1968 - Working at Abbey Road studios on The White Album, The Beatles recorded 'Helter Skelter'. John Lennon played bass and honked on a saxophone, roadie Mal Evans tried his best at playing trumpet. Paul McCartney recorded his lead vocal and George Harrison ran about the studio holding a flaming ashtray above his head.

1971 – The four-day Attica Prison riot begins, eventually resulting in 39 dead, most killed by state troopers retaking the prison.

1972 – In Kentucky's Mammoth Cave National Park, a Cave Research Foundation exploration and mapping team discovers a link between the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems, making it the longest known cave passageway in the world.

1993 – The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) officially recognizes Israel as a legitimate state.

1999 – Sega releases the first 128-bit video game console, the Dreamcast.

2001 – The Unix billennium is reached, marking the beginning of the use of 10-digit decimal Unix time stamps. Good times, man, good times.

2015 – Elizabeth II became the longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom.

Births

1585 – Cardinal Richelieu; 1754 – William Bligh (Commander of the HMS Bounty); 1828 – Leo Tolstoy; 1839 – Devil Anse Hatfield (Hatfield - McCoy feudster); 1887 – Alf Landon; 1890 – Col. Harlan Sanders (founded Kentucky Fried Chicken); 1919 – Jimmy 'The Greek' Snyder (Vegas bookmaker, sportscaster); 1924 – Jane Greer; 1927 – Elvin Jones; 1940 – Joe Negroni♪ ♫(Frankie Lymon & The Teenagers); 1941 – Otis Redding♪ ♫, Dennis Ritchie (created C programming language); 1949 – Joe Theismann; 1950 – John McFee♪ ♫(The Doobie Bros.); 1951 – Tom Wopat ('Luke Duke'); 1952 – Angela Cartwright; 1952 – Dave Stewart(The Eurythmics); 1955 – John Kricfalusi (created The Ren & Stimpy Show); 1960 – Hugh Grant; 1966 – Adam Sandler; 1969 – Rachel Hunter; 1971 – Eric Stonestreet (Modern Family), Henry Thomas ('Elliott' in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial); 1975 – Michael Bublé; 1991 – Hunter Hayes♪ ♫

Deaths

1087 – William the Conqueror; 1834 – James Weddell (namesake of the Weddell Sea); 1871 – Stand Watie; 1901 – Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec; 1915 – Albert Spalding (co-founded Spalding sports equipment); 1978 – Jack L. Warner (co-founded Warner Bros.); 1994 – Patrick O'Neal; 1996 – Bill Monroe♪ ♫; 1997 – Burgess Meredith; 1999 – Ruth Roman; 2004 – Ernie Ball ('Slinkys' guitar strings); 2006 – William Bernard Ziff Jr. (founded Ziff Davis)

[Gravdigr]

September 10

1509 – An earthquake known as "The Lesser Judgment Day" hits Constantinople.

1547 – The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, the last full-scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI.

1897 – Lattimer massacre: A sheriff's posse kills 20 unarmed immigrant miners in Pennsylvania, United States.

1936 – First World Individual Motorcycle Speedway Championship, held at London's (England) Wembley Stadium.

1939 – World War II: The submarine HMS Oxley is mistakenly sunk by the submarine HMS Triton near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss.

1960 – At the Summer Olympics in Rome, Abebe Bikila becomes the first sub-Saharan African to win a gold medal, winning the marathon bare foot.

1961 – Italian Grand Prix: A crash causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari.

2007 - Pamela Anderson's ex-husband Kid Rock was involved in an alleged assault on drummer Tommy Lee, (who was also married to the actress up until 1998). Police interviewed witnesses to a tussle involving the pair at the MTV Music Video Awards in Las Vegas. Lee was removed from the ceremony while Rock, was allowed to stay.

2008 – The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history, is powered up in Geneva, Switzerland.

Births

1801 – Marie Laveau (voodoo practitioner); 1839 – Isaac K. Funk (Funk & Wagnalls); 1890 – Elsa Schiaparelli; 1896 – Adele Astaire (Fred's sister, and dance partner); 1915 – Edmond O'Brien; 1929 – Arnold Palmer; 1933 – Karl Lagerfeld; 1934 – Charles Kuralt, Roger Maris; 1945 – José Feliciano; 1948 – Margaret Trudeau; 1949 – Bill O'Reilly (American asshole); 1950 – Joe Perry(Aerosmith); 1953 – Amy Irving; 1954 – Don 'The Dragon' Wilson (kickboxer); 1960 – Colin Firth (The King's Speech); 1963 – Randy 'The Big Unit' Johnson; 1968 – Guy Ritchie; 1974 – Ryan Phillippe

Deaths

1842 – Letitia Christian Tyler (11th FLOTUS); 1935 – Huey Long; 1938 – Charles Cruft ("Cruft's Greatest Dog Show"); 1961 – Wolfgang von Trips; 1976 – Dalton Trumbo; 1996 – Joanne Dru; 2005 – Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown; 2011 – Cliff Robertson; 2014 – Richard Kiel ('Jaws' in Moonraker)

[Gravdigr]

September 11

Today isPatriot Day, today is also September 11 National Day of Service, both observed in the United States.

1297 – Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots jointly-led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray defeat the English.

1609 – Henry Hudson 'discovers' Manhattan Island and the indigenous people living there.

1792 – The Hope Diamond is stolen along with other French crown jewels when six men break into the house where they are stored.

1813 – War of 1812: British troops arrive in Mount Vernon and prepare to march to and invade Washington, D.C..

1826 – Captain William Morgan, an ex-freemason is arrested in Batavia, New York for debt after declaring that he would publish The Mysteries of Free Masonry, a book against Freemasonry. This sets into motion the events that lead to his mysterious disappearance.

1851 – Christiana Resistance: Escaped slaves stand against their former owner in armed resistance in Christiana, Pennsylvania, creating a rallying cry for the abolitionist movement.

1857 – The Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah.

1903 – The first race at the Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin is held. It is the oldest major speedway in the world.

1916 – The Quebec Bridge's central span collapses, killing 11 men. The bridge previously collapsed completely on August 29, 1907. A total of 88 lives were lost in the two events.

1939 – World War II: Canada declares war on Germany, the country's first independent declaration of war.

1941 – Ground is broken in Arlington, Virginia for the construction of The Pentagon.

1944 – World War II: The Western Allied invasion of Germany begins near the city of Aachen.

World War II: RAF bombing raid on Darmstadt and the following firestorm kill 11,500.

1950 – Korean War: President Harry S. Truman approved military operations north of the 38th parallel.

1964 - The London Evening News reported that a 16 year-old Eltham Collage boy, introduced as Laurie Yarham, was everyone's idea of a winner in a Mick Jagger look-a-like competition. Laurie looked like Mick Jagger and seemed to know his every action and the audience at Greenwich Town Hall were delighted, until the winner turned out to be Mick's younger brother Chris Jagger.

1970 - NME’s Keith Allston interviewed Jimi Hendrix in England. The interview turned out to be Hendrix's last; he died a mere seven days later.

1973 – A coup in Chile headed by General Augusto Pinochet topples the democratically elected president Salvador Allende. Pinochet exercises dictatorial power until ousted in a referendum in 1988, staying in power until 1990.

1977 - David Bowie recorded a guest appearance on 'Bing Crosby's 'Merrie Olde Christmas' TV show duetting with Crosby on 'Peace On Earth - Little Drummer Boy'. The track became a UK No.3 hit five years later in 1982.

1978 – Janet Parker is the last person to die of smallpox, in a laboratory-associated outbreak.

1982, John Camp Cougarmellen became the only male artist to have two singles in the US Top Ten as well as the No.1 album. ‘Jack and Diane’ was No.4, while ‘Hurts So Good’ was at No.8. His album ‘American Fool’ was at No.1 for the first of nine weeks.

1985 – Pete Rose breaks Ty Cobb's baseball record for most career hits with his 4,192nd hit.

1987 - Founding member of The Wailers Peter Tosh was shot dead at his home in Kingston Jamaica by armed robbers.

Peter Gabriel cleaned up at this year's (1987) MTV Awards, winning best video, best male video, best concept video, best special effects and five other awards for the track 'Sledgehammer'.

1997 – NASA's Mars Global Surveyor reaches Mars.



2001 – Two hijacked aircraft crash into the World Trade Center in New York City, while a third smashes into The Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia, and a fourth into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, in a series of coordinated suicide attacks by 19 members of al-Qaeda. In total 2,996 people are killed.



2001 - Walking to work in New York (as an comic book illustrator) Gerard Way witnessed the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center. The day's events inspired him to start a band, which became My Chemical Romance with Way becoming their lead singer.

2003 - Tommy Chong, one-half of the comedy team of Cheech and Chong, was sentenced to nine months in federal prison and fined $20,000 for selling drug paraphernalia over the Internet.

2008 – A major Channel Tunnel fire broke out on a freight train, closed part of chunnel for 6 months.

2012 – The U.S. embassy in Benghazi, Libya is attacked, resulting in four deaths.

Births

1816 – Carl Zeiss (lens maker); 1862 – Hawley Harvey Crippen (murderer, first person captured with the aid of wireless telegraphy), O. Henry; 1885 – D. H. Lawrence (not 'of Arabia'); 1913 – Bear Bryant; 1916 – Ed Sabol (founded NFL Films); 1917 – Ferdinand Marcos; 1924 – Tom Landry; 1928 – Earl Holliman (Police Woman); 1937 – Robert Crippen (astronaut); 1939 – Charles Geschke (co-founded Adobe Systems); 1940 – Brian De Palma; 1942 – Lola Falana♪ ♫(Her name was Lola); 1943 – Jack Ely♪ ♫, Mickey Hart(The Grateful Dead); 1950 – Amy Madigan; 1953 – Tommy Shaw(Styx); 1961 – Elizabeth Daily, Virginia Madsen; 1962 – Kristy McNichol; 1965 – Moby♪ ♫(dj); 1967 – Maria Bartiromo, Harry Connick Jr.; 1969 – Gidget Gein(Marilyn Manson); 1970 – Taraji P. Henson; 1977 – Ludacris♪ ♫

vvv Continued in next post vvv

[Gravdigr]

^^^ Continued from previous post ^^^



Deaths

1948 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah; 1950 – Jan Smuts; 1971 – Nikita Khrushchev (Russian shoebanger); 1972 – Max Fleischer; 1973 – Salvador Allende; 1987 – Lorne Greene (Bonanza); 1987 – Peter Tosh♪ ♫(Bob Marley and the Wailers); 1994 – Jessica Tandy (Driving Miss Daisy); 2002 – Kim Hunter ('Stella' in A Streetcar Named Desire), Johnny Unitas; 2003 – John Ritter; 2004 – David Mann; 2010 – Kevin McCarthy (Invasion of the Body Snatchers)

[Gravdigr]

September 12

Today is the Day of the Programmer, recognizing computer programmers, observed on the 256th day of the year, which falls on September 12 in a leap year.

Today is also National Chocolate Milkshake Day, and National Day of Encouragement in the United States.

So...Go get a chocolate milkshake! You can do it!

490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies, defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. An Athenian runner was sent to Sparta (from Athens) to ask for assistance in the battle. He ran a distance of 140 miles (225 km), and arrived in Sparta the next day. The event is commemorated by the modern marathon.

1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen.

1846 – Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning.

1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.

1906 – The Newport Transporter Bridge [No. No indeed. Hell no.] is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar.

1933 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.

1940 – Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France.

1942 – A U-boat sank RMS Laconia with a torpedo off the coast of West Africa and attempted to rescue the passengers, which included some 80 civilians, 160 Polish and 268 British soldiers and about 1800 Italian POWs.

1952 – Strange occurrences, including a monster sighting, take place in Flatwoods, West Virginia.

1953 – U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island.

1958 – Jack Kilby demonstrates the first integrated circuit.

1959 – Premiere of Bonanza, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color.

1962 – President John F. Kennedy, at a speech at Rice University, reaffirms that the U.S. will put a man on the moon by the end of the decade.

1966 - N.B.C. aired the first episode of The Monkees TV show in the US. The series ran for a total of 58 episodes.

1974 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years.

1983 – A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros.

1986 - Public Image Ltd guitarist John McGeoch needed 40 stitches in his face after a two-liter wine bottle was thrown at the stage during a gig in Vienna.

1992 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space.

1994 – Frank Eugene Corder crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing. The incident claimed Corder's life.

2003 - US singer songwriter Johnny Cash died of respiratory failure aged 71.

2011 – The 9/11 Memorial Museum in New York City opens to the public.

2013 - Ray Dolby, the US engineer who founded Dolby Laboratories and pioneered noise reduction in audio recordings, died of leukemia at the age of 80. He helped develop the video tape recorder while at Ampex.

Births

1818 – Richard Jordan Gatling (invented the Gatling gun); 1880 – H. L. Mencken; 1888 – Maurice Chevalier; 1892 – Alfred A. Knopf, Sr.; 1913 – Jesse Owens; 1914 – Desmond Llewelyn ('Q' in the James Bond movies); 1925 – Dickie Moore; 1931 – Ian Holm ('Bilbo Baggins' in The Lord of the Rings); 1931 – George Jones♪ ♫, Bill McKinney (Deliverance); 1937 – George Chuvalo; 1940 – Linda Gray; 1944 – Barry White♪ ♫; 1950 – Bruce Mahler; 1951 – Joe Pantoliano; 1952 – Neil Peart(Rush); 1956 – Ricky Rudd; 1957 – Rachel Ward; 1962 – Amy Yasbeck; 1966 – Ben Folds(Ben Folds Five); 1967 – Louis C.K.; 1973 – Paul Walker; 1974 – Jennifer Nettles♪ ♫; 1981 – Jennifer Hudson♪ ♫

Deaths

1660 – Jacob Cats (invented cats); 1712 – Jan van der Heyden; 1972 – William Boyd (Hopalong Cassidy); 1977 – Steve Biko; 1992 – Anthony Perkins (Psycho); 1993 – Raymond Burr (Perry Mason); 2003 – Johnny Cash♪ ♫; 2013 – Ray Dolby (founded Dolby Laboratories); 2014 – Joe Sample

[Gravdigr]

September 13

1501 – Michelangelo begins work on his statue of David.

1782 – American Revolutionary War: Franco-Spanish troops launch the unsuccessful "grand assault" during the Great Siege of Gibraltar.

1814 – In a turning point in the War of 1812, the British fail to capture Baltimore. During the battle, Francis Scott Key composes his poem "Defence of Fort McHenry", which is later set to music and becomes the United States' national anthem.

1848 – Vermont railroad worker Phineas Gage survives an iron rod 1 1⁄4 inches (3.2 cm) in diameter being driven through his brain; the reported effects on his behavior and personality stimulate thinking about the nature of the brain and its functions.

1862 – American Civil War: Union soldiers find a copy of Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field outside Frederick, Maryland. It is the prelude to the Battle of Antietam.

1898 – Hannibal Goodwin patents celluloid photographic film.

1956 – The IBM 305 RAMAC is introduced, the first commercial computer to use disk storage.

1985 – Super Mario Bros. is released in Japan for the NES, which starts the Super Mario series of platforming games.

1987 – Goiânia accident: A radioactive object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and causing some to die from radiation poisoning.

1988 – Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere, later replaced by Hurricane Wilma in 2005 (based on barometric pressure).

2001 – Civilian aircraft traffic resumes in the United States after the September 11 attacks.

Births

1851 – Walter Reed; 1857 – Milton S. Hershey; 1860 – John J. Pershing; 1903 – Claudette Colbert; 1911 – Bill Monroe; 1916 – Roald Dahl; 1924 – Scott Brady; 1925 – Mel Tormé; 1937 – Don Bluth; 1939 – Richard Kiel; 1944 – Peter Cetera; 1948 – Nell Carter; 1952 – Don Was; 1961 – Dave Mustaine; 1964 – Tavis Smiley; 1967 – Tim "Ripper" Owens; 1969 – Tyler Perry; 1971 – Stella McCartney; 1977 – Fiona Apple; 1978 – Peter Sunde

Deaths

81 – Titus; 1881 – Ambrose Burnside; 1996 – Tupac Shakur; 1998 – George Wallace; 2006 – Ann Richards; 2009 – Paul Burke; 2015 – Moses Malone



Assembled twice, posted once by a goddamned idiot who cannot have two thoughts in his head at the same time.

[Gravdigr]

September 14

1741 – George Frideric Handel completes his oratorio Messiah.

1752 – The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (the previous day was September 2).

1901 – U.S. President William McKinley dies eight days after an assassination attempt (If he died, wasn't that an actual assassination?) on September 6. Theodore Roosevelt became President of the United States at age 42, the youngest person ever to do so.

1960 – The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is founded.

1968 - Roy Orbison's house in Nashville burned down. His two eldest sons both died in the blaze. Orbison was on tour in the UK at the time of the accident.

1969 – The US Selective Service selects September 14 as the first Draft Lottery date.

1974 - Eric Clapton scored a US No.1 with his version of the Bob Marley song 'I Shot The Sheriff'. Clapton's version of the song was included on his 1974 album 461 Ocean Boulevard.

1979 - The film Quadrophenia was released. Based on The Who's 1973 rock opera the film featured Phil Daniels, Toyah Willcox, Ray Winstone, Michael Elphick and Sting.

1994 – The Major League Baseball season is canceled because of a strike.

US singer Steve Earle was sentenced to 1 year in jail after being found guilty of possession of crack cocaine.

1998 – Telecommunications companies MCI Communications and WorldCom complete their $37 billion merger to form MCI WorldCom.

2000 – Microsoft releases Windows ME.

2001 – Historic National Prayer Service held at Washington National Cathedral for victims of the September 11 attacks. A similar service is held in Canada on Parliament Hill, the largest vigil ever held in the nation's capital.

2008 - Iron Maiden singer Bruce Dickinson was one of the pilots who flew specially chartered flights after 85,000 tourists were stranded in the US, the Caribbean, Africa and Europe after Britain's third-largest tour operator went into administration. The singer, who had worked for the airline Astraeus for nine years, took up flying during a low point in his solo career after he quit the band in 1993.

Births

1879 – Margaret Sanger; 1898 – Hal B. Wallis; 1914 – Clayton Moore, Mae Boren Axton 'The Queen Mother of Nashville' (songwriter); 1936 – Walter Koenig; 1944 – Joey Heatherton; 1946 - Pete Agnew(Nazareth); 1947 – Sam Neill; 1949 – Steve Gaines(Lynyrd Skynyrd), Ed King(Lynyrd Skynyrd); 1954 – Barry Cowsill; 1961 – Wendy Thomas (Wendy's); 1962 – Robert Herjavec; 1964 – Faith Ford; 1965 – Dmitry Medvedev; 1972 – Notah Begay III; 1973 – Andrew Lincoln; 1983 – Amy Winehouse (British skank)

Deaths

1638 – John Harvard (yeah, that one); 1715 – Dom Pérignon (yeah, that one); 1836 – Aaron Burr (3rd VPOTUS); 1851 – James Fenimore Cooper; 1901 – William McKinley (25th POTUS); 1927 – Isadora Duncan; 1936 – Irving Thalberg; 1982 – Grace Kelly; 1984 – Janet Gaynor; 2001 – Dorothy McGuire; 2002 – LaWanda Page (The Bronze Goddess of Fire, 'Aunt Esther' on Sanford & Son); 2009 – Henry Gibson; 2009 – Patrick Swayze

[Gravdigr]

September 15

Today is Battle of Britain Day in England, commemorating The Battle of Britain.

"Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few". ~Winston Churchill

1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Jean de Malestroit, Bishop of Nantes.

1616 – The first non-aristocratic, free public school in Europe is opened in Frascati, Italy.

1816 – HMS Whiting became wrecked on the Doom Bar, a treacherous shoal off the coast of Cornwall, England, that has caused over 600 known shipwrecks.

*1831 – The locomotive John Bull operates for the first time in New Jersey on the Camden and Amboy Railroad.

1835 – HMS Beagle, with Charles Darwin aboard, reaches the Galápagos Islands. The ship lands at Chatham or San Cristobal, the easternmost of the archipelago.

1851 – Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

1916 – World War I: Tanks are used for the first time in battle, at the Battle of the Somme.

1940 – World War II: The climax of the Battle of Britain, when the Royal Air Force shoots down large numbers of Luftwaffe aircraft.

1945 – A hurricane strikes southern Florida and the Bahamas, destroying 366 airplanes and 25 blimps at Naval Air Station Richmond.

1948 – The F-86 Sabre sets the world aircraft speed record at 671 miles per hour (1,080 km/h).

1950 – Korean War: United States forces land at Inchon.

1958 – A Central Railroad of New Jersey commuter train runs through an open drawbridge at the Newark Bay, killing 48.

1959 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes the first Soviet leader to visit the United States.

1961 – Hurricane Carla strikes Texas with winds of 175 miles per hour.

A group from Hawthorne, California called The Pendletones attend their first real recording session at Hite Morgan's studio in Los Angeles. The band recorded 'Surfin', a song that would help shape their career as The Beach Boys.

1962 – The Soviet ship Poltava heads toward Cuba, one of the events that sets into motion the Cuban Missile Crisis.

1965 - The Ford Motor Company became the first automaker to offer an 8-track tape player as an option for their entire line of vehicles in the US. Tapes were initially only available at auto parts stores, as home 8-track equipment was still a year away.

1970 - US Vice-President Spiro Agnew said in a speech that the youth of America were being "brainwashed into a drug culture" by rock music, movies, books and underground newspapers.

1971 – The first Greenpeace ship sets sail to protest against nuclear testing on Amchitka Island.

*1981 – The John Bull becomes the oldest operable steam locomotive in the world when the Smithsonian Institution operates it under its own power outside Washington, D.C.

The Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously approves Sandra Day O'Connor to become the first female justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

1984 - Frankie Goes To Hollywood's 'Relax' became the longest running chart hit since Engelbert Humperdink's 'Release Me', after spending 43 weeks on the UK singles chart.

1990 - The Steve Miller Band had a UK No.1 with 'The Joker' 16 years after it's first release. The song topped the US Billboard Hot 100 in early 1974. More than 16 years later, it reached No.1 in the UK Singles Chart after being used in "Great Deal", a Hugh Johnson-directed television advertisement for Levi's, thus holding the record for the longest gap between transatlantic chart-toppers.

2001 – George W. Bush, 43rd President of the United States, gives Post 9-11 Weekly Address, foreshadowing an interventionist United States Foreign Policy, leading to the Iraq, and Afghanistan Wars.

2008 – Lehman Brothers files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, the largest bankruptcy filing in U.S. history.

Births

1254 – Marco Polo; 1789 – James Fenimore Cooper; 1830 – Porfirio Díaz; 1857 – William Howard Taft (27th POTUS); 1881 – Ettore Bugatti (yeah, that one); 1890 – Agatha Christie; 1903 – Roy Acuff; 1907 – Fay Wray; 1914 – Creighton Abrams (M1 Abrams battle tank); 1918 – Nipsey Russell; 1922 – Jackie Cooper; 1927 – Norm Crosby; 1940 – Merlin Olsen (Father Murphy); 1946 – Tommy Lee Jones, Oliver Stone; 1951 – Pete Carroll; 1958 – Wendie Jo Sperber (Bosom Buddies); 1961 – Dan Marino; 1964 – Doyle Wolfgang von Frankenstein(The Misfits); 1969 – Allen Shellenberger(Lit); 1972 – Jimmy Carr; 1977 – Tom Hardy

Deaths

1851 - James Fenimore Cooper; 1885 – Jumbo ("The only good thing you ever did for the gals was get hit by that train!"); 1938 – Thomas Wolfe; 1978 – Willy Messerschmitt (yes, that Messerschmitt); 1989 – Robert Penn Warren; 2003 – Garner Ted Armstrong; 2004 – Johnny Ramone(The Ramones); 2007 – Brett Somers (Match Game panelist); 2008 – Richard Wright(Pink Floyd)